Ko te kaupapa rūma ma e pā ana ki te tukunga o ngā poke pērā i ngā matūriki iti, te hau kino, te huakita, me ētahi atu ki te hau i roto i tētahi whānuitanga hau, me te whakahaere i te pāmahana o roto, te horoi, te pēhanga o roto, te tere me te tohatoha o te hau, te wiri haruru, te rama, te hiko pateko, me ētahi atu i roto i tētahi whānuitanga e hiahiatia ana. Ka kiia tēnei tukanga taiao he kaupapa rūma ma. He maha atu ngā āhuatanga o tētahi kaupapa rūma ma katoa, tae atu ki ngā wāhanga e waru: te pūnaha hanganga whakapaipai me te tiaki, te pūnaha HVAC, te pūnaha hauhautanga me te pūnaha hauhautanga, te pūnaha tiaki ahi, te pūnaha hiko, te pūnaha paipa tukanga, te pūnaha whakahaere aunoa me te pūnaha tuku wai me te pūnaha rerenga wai. Ko ēnei wāhanga katoa e hanga ana i te pūnaha katoa o te kaupapa rūma ma kia pai ai te mahi me te pānga.
1. Pūnaha Clenroom
(1). Pūnaha hanganga whakapaipai me te tiaki
Ko te hononga whakapaipai me te hononga whakapaipai o te kaupapa rūma ma e uru ana ki te whakapaipai motuhake o te pūnaha hanganga o te whare herehere pēnei i te whenua, te tuanui me te wehewehe. I roto i te poto, ka hipokina e ēnei wāhanga ngā mata e ono o te wāhi kua kati toru-ahu, arā, te tihi, te pakitara me te whenua. Hei tāpiri, kei roto hoki ngā tatau, ngā matapihi me ētahi atu wāhanga whakapaipai. He rerekē i te whakapaipai kāinga whānui me te whakapaipai ahumahi, ka aro nui te kaupapa rūma ma ki ngā paerewa me ngā taipitopito whakapaipai motuhake kia tutuki ai te wāhi i ngā paerewa horoi me te akuaku motuhake.
(2). Pūnaha HVAC
Ka hipokina te waeine whakamatao (wai wera) (tae atu ki te papu wai, te pourewa whakamatao, me ētahi atu) me te taumata mīhini paipa whakamatao-hau me ētahi atu taputapu, te paipa whakamatao hau, te pouaka whakamatao hau purenga whakakotahi (tae atu ki te wāhanga rere whakauru, te wāhanga pānga tuatahi, te wāhanga whakamahana, te wāhanga whakamatao, te wāhanga whakamaroke, te wāhanga pēhanga, te wāhanga pānga waenga, te wāhanga pēhanga pumau, me ētahi atu) ka whakaarohia hoki.
(3). Pūnaha hauhautanga me te pūnaha whakaputa hau
Ko te pūnaha whakapūhau he huinga katoa o ngā taputapu kei roto ko te tomokanga hau, te putanga hau, te paipa tuku hau, te pā hau, ngā taputapu whakamatao me te whakamahana, te tātari, te pūnaha whakahaere me ētahi atu taputapu āwhina. Ko te pūnaha putanga hau he pūnaha katoa kei roto ko te taupoki putanga hau, te tomokanga hau rānei, ngā taputapu rūma ma me te pā hau.
(4). Pūnaha tiaki ahi
Ara uruwhenua, rama uruwhenua, pūwero wai, tinei ahi, ngongo ahi, whakaurunga whakaoho aunoa, kati roera ātete ahi, me ētahi atu.
(5). Pūnaha hiko
E toru ngā wāhanga o tēnei: te rama, te hiko me te iahiko ngoikore, e kapi ana i ngā rama parakore, ngā putanga hiko, ngā kāpata hiko, ngā raina, te aroturuki me te waea me ētahi atu pūnaha iahiko kaha me te iahiko ngoikore.
(6). Pūnaha paipa tukatuka
I roto i te kaupapa horoi, ko te nuinga o te kaupapa ko: ngā paipa hau, ngā paipa rauemi, ngā paipa wai parakore, ngā paipa wai weronga, te mamaoa, ngā paipa mamaoa parakore, ngā paipa wai tuatahi, ngā paipa wai hurihuri, ngā paipa wai whakakorekore me te whakaheke wai, te condensate, ngā paipa wai whakamatao, me ētahi atu.
(7). Pūnaha whakahaere aunoa
Tae atu ki te whakahaere pāmahana, te whakahaere pāmahana, te whakahaere rōrahi me te pēhanga o te hau, te raupapa whakatuwheratanga me te whakahaere wā, me ētahi atu.
(8). Pūnaha tuku wai me te pūnaha rerenga wai
Te tahora pūnaha, te kōwhiringa paipa, te whakatakotoranga paipa, ngā taputapu waikeri me te hanganga waikeri iti, te pūnaha tohanga rūma ma, ēnei inenga, te tahora me te tāutanga o te pūnaha waikeri, me ētahi atu.
Ko te umanga kai, te teihana tirotiro kounga, te umanga hikohiko, te hōhipera, te umanga tiaki hauora, te rererangi, ngā whare rangahau pūtaiao, ngā wheketere rongoā, ngā hikohiko iti, ngā rūma ma koiora me ētahi atu ahumahi e whakarato ana i ngā momo me ngā taumata ma o te akomanga 100,000 o ngā awheawhe ma me te hoahoa, te tāutanga me te hanga pūnaha hauhautanga rūma ma, te tono, te ratonga muri-hoko me ētahi atu otinga whānui. Ko te taiwhanga haumaru koiora i hangaia e tā mātou kamupene e whakamana ana i te kounga hanga me te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga o ngā whakaritenga hangarau whare paerewa whānui.
2. Ngā whakaritenga ratonga horoi rūma
(1). Ngā ratonga horoi rūma
① Hoahoa me te whakahou i ngā rūma ma me te hauhautanga me ngā taiwhanga ma, kore puehu, me te parakore o ngā taumata purenga rerekē, ngā whakaritenga tukanga me ngā mahere papa.
② Whakahoutia ngā rūma ma me ngā whakaritenga motuhake pēnei i te pēhanga kino, te pāmahana teitei, te ārai ahi me te pahūtanga, te whakamarumaru me te whakangāwari i te oro, te whakahoromata whai hua teitei, te tango paitini me te tango haunga, me te ārai-pūmau.
③ Hangaia ngā rama, ngā whakaurunga hiko, te hiko, ngā pūnaha whakahaere hiko me ngā pūnaha whakahaere aunoa mō te hauhautanga e ōrite ana ki te rūma ma.
3. Ngā tono mō te rūma ma
(1). Ngā rūma horoi koiora o te hōhipera
Ko ngā rūma horoi koiora hōhipera te nuinga o ngā rūma pokanga ma me ngā wāhanga ma. Ko ngā wāhanga ma o ngā hōhipera te nuinga o ngā wāhi e tino whakahaeretia ana ngā harore hei ārai i te pangia o ngā tūroro, i te whakaputa rānei i ngā pānga kino.
(2). Ngā taiwhanga raupapa taumata-P
① Ko ngā taiwhanga P3 he taiwhanga haumaru koiora taumata 3. E whā ngā taumata e wehea ana ngā taiwhanga haumaru koiora i runga i te nui o te kino o ngā moroiti me ā rātou paitini, ko te taumata 1 he iti, ko te taumata 4 he teitei. E rua ngā wāhanga e wehea ana: te taumata pūtau me te taumata kararehe, ā, ko te taumata kararehe ka wehea anō ki te taumata kararehe iti me te taumata kararehe nui. I hangaia te taiwhanga P3 tuatahi i tōku whenua i te tau 1987, ā, i whakamahia mō te rangahau AIDS.
②Ko te taiwhanga P4 e pā ana ki te taiwhanga taumata 4 mō te haumaru koiora, e whakamahia ana mō te rangahau i ngā mate tino hopuhopu. Koinei te taumata teitei rawa atu o te taiwhanga haumaru koiora o te ao. Kāore he taiwhanga pēnei i Haina i tēnei wā. E ai ki ngā tohunga e pā ana, he tino pakari ake ngā tikanga haumaru o ngā taiwhanga P4 i ērā o ngā taiwhanga P3. Me mau kākahu tiaki kua kati katoa ngā kairangahau, me mau hoki i ngā ipu hāora ina tomo ana.
(3). Te hangarau horoi o ngā wheketere me ngā awheawhe
Ka taea te wehewehe i ngā tikanga hanga ki ngā momo hangarau ā-iwi me ngā momo hanga-mua.
Ko te pūnaha awheawhe horoi kua oti te hanga ko te nuinga o te pūnaha tuku hauhautanga, te pūnaha hau whakahoki, te hau whakahoki, te waeine whakaputanga hau, te hanganga o te whare herehere, ngā waeine horoi tangata me ngā rauemi, te tātari hau taumata tuatahi, waenga me te taumata teitei, te pūnaha hau me te wai, te hiko me te rama, te aroturuki me te whakaoho i ngā tawhā taiao mahi, te tiaki ahi, te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero me te maimoatanga papa anti-static.
①Ngā tawhā purenga awheawhe ma GMP:
Ngā wā whakawhiti hau: akomanga 100000 ≥15 ngā wā; akomanga 10000 ≥20 ngā wā; akomanga 10000 ≥30 ngā wā.
Rerekētanga pēhanga: te awheawhe matua ki te rūma tata ≥5Pa;
Te tere hau toharite: te awheawhe ma o te akomanga 100 03-0.5m/s;
Pāmahana: >16℃ i te takurua; <26℃ i te raumati; piki me te heke ±2℃. Ko te haumākū he 45-65%; ko te haumākū i roto i te awheawhe ma GMP he pai ake i te 50%; ko te haumākū i roto i te awheawhe hiko he paku teitei ake hei karo i te hiko pateko. Haruru ≤65dB(A); ko te hau hou he 10%-30% o te katoa o te hau e tukuna ana; whakamārama: 300LX.
②Ngā rauemi hanganga awheawhe GMP:
Ko ngā panera pakitara me te tuanui o te awheawhe ma, he mea hanga i ngā pereti maitai tae hanawiti 50mm te matotoru, he ataahua, he pakari hoki. Ko ngā tatau kokonga āwhata, ko ngā anga matapihi, me ētahi atu, he mea hanga i ngā kōtaha konumohe motuhake kua whakakikoruatia;
Ka taea te hanga i te papa ki te papa epoxy-whakataurite-ake, ki te papa kirihou ātete-mau kounga teitei rānei. Mena he whakaritenga ārai-pūmau, ka taea te whiriwhiri i te momo ārai-pūmau;
He mea hanga ngā paipa tuku hau me ngā paipa whakahoki mai i te pepa whakarewa wera-tuku, ā, he pepa kirihou pahuka PF ātete-mumura me te pānga pai ki te purenga me te tiaki wera kua whakapirihia;
He anga kowiri tira te pouaka hepa, he ataahua, he ma hoki, ā, he pereti mata poka kua whakamahia he pereti konumohe peita, he ātete waikura, he ātete puehu hoki, ā, he ngāwari ki te horoi.
(4). Te hangarau hiko me te hangarau ā-tinana mō te rūma horoi
E pā ana ki ngā taputapu hiko, ngā rūma rorohiko, ngā wheketere haurua-ira, te ahumahi motuka, te ahumahi rererangi, te whakaahua whakaahua, te hanga rorohiko iti me ētahi atu ahumahi. Haunga te horoi o te hau, me whakarite hoki kia tutuki ngā whakaritenga o te ārai-pūmau.
Te wā tuku: 28-Pepuere-2025